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<chapter id="chap-file-removal"
         xmlns="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0 http://www.scons.org/dbxsd/v1.0/scons.xsd">
<title>Controlling Removal of Targets</title>

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  <para>

  There are two occasions when &SCons; will,
  by default, remove target files.
  The first is when &SCons; determines that
  an target file needs to be rebuilt
  and removes the existing version of the target
  before executing
  The second is when &SCons; is invoked with the
  <literal>-c</literal> option to "clean"
  a tree of its built targets.

  These behaviours can be suppressed with the
  &Precious; and &NoClean; functions, respectively.

  </para>

  <section>
  <title>Preventing target removal during build: the &Precious; Function</title>

    <para>

    By default, &SCons; removes targets before building them.
    Sometimes, however, this is not what you want.
    For example, you may want to update a library incrementally,
    not by having it deleted and then rebuilt from all
    of the constituent object files.
    In such cases, you can use the
    &Precious; method to prevent
    &SCons; from removing the target before it is built:

    </para>

    <scons_example name="fileremoval_precious-ex1">
      <file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
  env = Environment(RANLIBCOM='')
  lib = env.Library('foo', ['f1.c', 'f2.c', 'f3.c'])
  env.Precious(lib)
      </file>
      <file name="f1.c">
int f1() { }
      </file>
      <file name="f2.c">
int f2() { }
      </file>
      <file name="f3.c">
int f3() { }
      </file>
    </scons_example>

    <para>

    Although the output doesn't look any different,
    &SCons; does not, in fact,
    delete the target library before rebuilding it:

    </para>

    <scons_output example="fileremoval_precious-ex1" suffix="1">
        <scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
    </scons_output>

    <para>

    &SCons; will, however, still delete files marked as &Precious;
    when the <literal>-c</literal> option is used.

    </para>

  </section>

  <section>
  <title>Preventing target removal during clean: the &NoClean; Function</title>

    <para>

    By default, &SCons; removes all built targets when invoked
    with the <literal>-c</literal> option to clean a source tree
    of built targets.
    Sometimes, however, this is not what you want.
    For example, you may want to remove only intermediate generated files
    (such as object files),
    but leave the final targets
    (the libraries)
    untouched.

    In such cases, you can use the &NoClean; method to prevent &SCons;
    from removing a target during a clean:

    </para>

    <scons_example name="fileremoval_noclean-ex1">
      <file name="SConstruct" printme="1">
env = Environment(RANLIBCOM='')
lib = env.Library('foo', ['f1.c', 'f2.c', 'f3.c'])
env.NoClean(lib)
      </file>
      <file name="f1.c">
int f1() { }
      </file>
      <file name="f2.c">
int f2() { }
      </file>
      <file name="f3.c">
int f3() { }
      </file>
    </scons_example>

    <para>

    Notice that the <filename>libfoo.a</filename>
    is not listed as a removed file:

    </para>

    <scons_output example="fileremoval_noclean-ex1" suffix="1">
        <scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
        <scons_output_command>scons -c</scons_output_command>
    </scons_output>

  </section>

  <section>
  <title>Removing additional files during clean: the &Clean; Function</title>

    <para>

    There may be additional files that you want removed
    when the <literal>-c</literal> option is used,
    but which &SCons; doesn't know about
    because they're not normal target files.
    For example, perhaps a command you invoke
    creates a log file as
    part of building the target file you want.
    You would like the log file cleaned,
    but you don't want to have to teach
    SCons that the command
    "builds" two files.

    </para>

    <para>

    You can use the &Clean; function to arrange for additional files
    to be removed when the <literal>-c</literal> option is used.
    Notice, however, that the &Clean; function takes two arguments,
    and the <emphasis>second</emphasis> argument
    is the name of the additional file you want cleaned
    (<filename>foo.log</filename> in this example):

    </para>

    <scons_example name="fileremoval_clean-ex1">
      <file name="S" printme="1">
t = Command('foo.out', 'foo.in', 'build -o $TARGET $SOURCE')
Clean(t, 'foo.log')
      </file>
      <file name="SConstruct">
env = DefaultEnvironment()
import os
env['ENV']['PATH'] = env['ENV']['PATH'] + os.pathsep + os.getcwd()
SConscript('S')
      </file>
      <file name="foo.in">
foo.in
      </file>
      <file name="foo.log">
foo.log
      </file>
      <file name="build" chmod="0755">
cat $3 > $2
      </file>
    </scons_example>

    <para>

    The first argument is the target with which you want
    the cleaning of this additional file associated.
    In the above example,
    we've used the return value from the
    &Command; function,
    which represents the
    <filename>foo.out</filename>
    target.
    Now whenever the
    <filename>foo.out</filename> target is cleaned
    by the <literal>-c</literal> option,
    the <filename>foo.log</filename> file
    will be removed as well:

    </para>

    <scons_output example="fileremoval_clean-ex1" suffix="1">
        <scons_output_command>scons -Q</scons_output_command>
        <scons_output_command>scons -Q -c</scons_output_command>
    </scons_output>

  </section>

</chapter>
