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\usepackage{url}
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\title{ÐÂÎÅ Leafsite mini-HOWTO}
\author{Florian Kuehnert, {\ttfamily sutok@gmx.de}
ÒëÕß: Mile Yeh {\ttfamily mile@mail.timenet.net}}
\date{v0.3, 4Ò»ÔÂ 1998}
\abstract{Õâ·Ý HOWTO ½«»á°ïÖúÄãÕë¶Ô Usenet ÐÂÎÅÉè¶¨Ò»¸öÐ¡µÄ leafsite
ËüÊ¹ÓÃÃâ·ÑÈíÌåÌ×¼þ Leafnode .ÓÐÈÎºÎÎÊÌâ,
½¨ÒéºÍÒâ¼û,ÇëÐ´ÐÅ¸ø Florian Kuehnert
(sutok@gmx.de).ÄãÔÚÕâÎÄ¼þÕÒµ½µÄÈÎºÎ´íÎóÒ²ÇëËÍ¸øÎÒ. (C) 1998 by Florian Kuehnert.}


\begin{document}
\maketitle

\section{ÎªÊ²÷áÊ¹ÓÃ Leafnode? }

ÔÚ±ê×¼°¸ÀýÉÏÈç¹ûÄãÒªÔÚÄãµÄ±¾µØµçÄÔÉÏÀëÏß¿´ÐÂÎÅ
Äã±ØÐë°²×°Ò»¸öÐÂÎÅËÅ·þÆ÷ÈíÌå¾ÍÏñ INN »òÕß CNews.ÄãÒ²
ÒªÊ¹ÓÃ nntp »òÕß uucp Áª½Óµ½ÄãµÄÐÂÎÅÉÏÓÎ.
ÊÂÊµÉÏÕâÑùµÄÌ×¼þ°üº¬±ÈÄãÐèÒªµÄ¸ü¶àÌØÉ«,°²×° Leafnode Äã»á
½ÏºÃÖ´ÐÐ.



Leafnode ÊÇÊ¹ÓÃÉÏ¼òµ¥Ðí¶àÇÒ·Ç³£Ð¡µÄµ«ÊÇÓÐÒ»Ð©
È±µã: ÔÚÓÐÒ»Ð©´íÎó·¢ÉúµÄÇéÐÎÏÂ Leafnode ÊÇ»ºÂýµÄºÍÒÅÊ§ÐÂÎÅ
. Õâ¾ÍÊÇÎªÊ²÷áÄã²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃËüµ±×öÒ»¸ö´óµÄÐÂÎÅËÅ·þÆ÷,
È»¶ø,ÕâÊÇÊÊµ±µÄ¶Ôì¶¸öÈËµÄÓÃ»§,Ê¹ÓÃÕß²»Òª»¨·Ñ
Ðí¶àÊ±¼äÉè¶¨ INN.






\section{ÔÚÄÄÀïÈ¡µÃ Leafnode?}

LeafnodeÊÇÔÚ \nameurl{ftp://ftp.troll.no/pub/freebies/}{ftp://ftp.troll.no/pub/freebies/} ¿ÉÒÔÈ¡µÃºÍËüÊÇÓÉ
Arnt Gulbrandsen Ëù·¢Õ¹µÄ,ËûÊÇ Troll Tech AS µÄÒ»¸öÖ°Ô±.×î½üµÄ°æ±¾ÊÇ
1.4 ºÍÔÚÒ»Ð© Linux distributions (ÀýÈç Debian), Leafnode ±»
°üº¬ÔÚÆäÖÐ.ÎÞÂÛÈçºÎ,È·¶¨Ê¹ÓÃ×îÍíµÄ°æ±¾
1.4 ËüÐÞÕýÁË¼¸¸öÖØÒªµÄÎÊÌâ.






\section{ÎÒÒªÈçºÎ°²×°Ëü?}

ºÍÌ×¼þÒ»ÆðÀ´ÓÐÒ»¸öÐ¡µÄ°²×°°ïÖú,ÈÃÎÒÃÇÒ»Æð×ö°É
:-) --Èç¹ûÄãµÄ distribution ³ö»õÊ±ÊÇ Leafnode {$>$}=1.4 ,
×î´ÏÃ÷µÄÊÇÊ¹ÓÃÊÂÏÈ·­ÒëºÃµÄ°æ±¾ºÍºöÂÔ
²½Öè 1µ½ 4.



1.)È·¶¨Ã»ÓÐ±ðµÄÐÂÎÅËÅ·þÆ÷ÔÚÄãµÄµçÄÔÉÏÖ´ÐÐ
.µ±Äã¼üÈë\\ 
{\bfseries \$ telnet localhost nntp}\\ 
Äã½«È¡µÃÒ»¸ö´íÎóÐÅÏ¢.Èç¹ûÄãµÃµ½Ò»¸öÁ¬½ÓµÄÌáÊ¾»ØÓ¦µ½
ÄãµÄ shell ÉÏ ,ÄãÓ¦Òª·´°²×° INN , CNews »òÕß²»¹ÜÊ²÷áÄãÏÖÔÚÕýÔÚ
Ö´ÐÐµÄÐÂÎÅËÅ·þÆ÷ºÍ²éÃ÷ÔÚÄãµÄ /etc/inetd.conf  nntp Ïà¹ØµÄÀ¸Î»

2.)ÔÚ /etc/passwd ÖÐ¼ì²éÕâ¸öÃû³Æ,²éÃ÷ÓÐÒ»¸öÊ¹ÓÃÕß½Ð×ö "news",
.Èç¹ûÔÚÀïÃæÃ»ÓÐ,½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö (»òÕß¼üÈë\\ 
{\bfseries \$ adduser news}\\ 
»òÕßÊ¹ÓÃÄãµÄ distribution ÖÐ¸úËæ¶øÀ´µÄ¹¤¾ß).

3.) ½â¿ªÔ­Ê¼Âë:\\ 
{\bfseries \$tar xfz leafnode-1.4.tar.gz}\\ 
¸Ä±äÄ¿Â¼µ½Ô­Ê¼ÂëÄ¿Â¼ \\ 
{\bfseries \$ cd leafnode-1.4}

4.) ±àÒë³ÌÊ½ºÍ°²×°Ëü\\ 
{\bfseries \$ make; make install}\\ 

5.)±à¼­ /usr/lib/leafnode/config (ÕâÒ²ÐíÊÇÔÚÈÎºÎ±ðµÄÎ»ÖÃÏñÊÇ
/etc/leafnode µ±ÄãÊ¹ÓÃÄãµÄ Linux distribution µÄÒ»¸öÊÂÏÈ·­ÒëºÃµÄ°æ±¾
).ÕâÒ»ÐÐ "server ="ÒªÖ¸³öÄãµÄ ISPµÄÐÂÎÅËÅ·þÆ÷



6.)±à¼­ /etc/nntpserver.Õâ½«°üÀ¨ÄãµÄ±¾µØÖ÷»úÃû
(localhost »òÕß²»¹ÜÊ²÷áÄãµçÄÔµÄÃû³Æ,ÃüÁî hostname
½«°ïÖúÄã).Èç¹ûÔÚÒ»Ð©Æð¶¯µµ°¸ÏñÊÇ /etc/profile »òÕß
~/.bash\_profile »·¾³±äÊýÊÇ±»ÏÈ¶¨ÒåµÄ,Äã
Ò²Òªµ÷ÕûÄãµÄµçÄÔÃû³Æ.

7.)±à¼­ /etc/inetd.conf:²éÃ÷Ã»ÓÐÒ»ÐÐ¿ª¶ËÊ¹ÓÃ
"nntp".Èç¹ûÓÐÕâÑùµÄÒ»ÐÐ,ÔÚÕâÒ»ÐÐÇ°·ÅÒ»¸ö "\#"
.È»áá¼ÓÏÂÁÐ¸÷ÐÐ:\\ 
{\bfseries nntp    stream  tcp     nowait  news    /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/local/sbin/leafnode}\\ 
µ±ÓÐÈË (ÀýÈçÄã :-)Á¬½Óµ½ÄãµÄµçÄÔÔÚ
NNTP port, leafnode ¿ªÊ¼ÈçÍ¬ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ³ÌÐò.

8.) ÒÔ root »òÕß news µÄÉí·Ý½øÐÐÁ¬ÏßºÍÖ´ÐÐÐÐ³ÌÊ½ "fetch" .µÚÒ»´Î
fetch ¿ªÊ¼,Õâ½«»áÏÂÔØÄãµÄ ISP µÄÐÂÎÅÈº×éµÄÇåµ¥.Õâ
Ò²Ðí»¨Ò»µã¶ùÊ±¼äÒÀÄãµÄÁ¬½ÓËÙ¶ÈºÍ
ÄãµÄ ISP ËüµÄ active-File µÄÈº×éµÄÊýÄ¿¶ø¶¨.

9.) ¿ªÊ¼Äã×î°®µÄ newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±) (slrn, (r)tinºÍ knews ÊÇÒ»¸ö
ºÃµÄ¿ªÊ¼)ºÍ¶©ÔÄÈ«²¿ÄãÒª¿´µÄÈº×é.Ð¡ÐÄ²»ÒªÖ»
¶©ÔÄÕâÐ©Èº×é,Ò²½øÈëÈº×éÖÐ,¼´Ê¹µ±ËûÃÇÊÇ¿ÕµÄ.

10.) ÖØÐÂ¿ªÊ¼Æô¶¯ fetch ÏÂÔØËùÓÐÏëÒªÈ¡µÃµÄÈº×éµÄÐÂÎÅ
.

 


\section{ÎÒÒªÈçºÎÎ¬»¤ leafnode?}

ÏÖÔÚÄãÓÐÒ»¸öÔË×÷µÄÐÂÎÅÏµÍ³ÕýÔÚÖ´ÐÐ,µ«ÊÇ
ÈÔÈ»Ò»Ð©ÊÂÎïÒª×ö.ÄãÒ²ÐíÒª±à¼­µµ°¸ /usr/lib/leafnode/config
À´Éè¶¨ÄãµÄÈº×éµÄÆÚÂúÈÕÆÚ.ÕâºÅÂëÒâË¼ÊÇ,ºÎÊ±ÒÔÇ°µÄ
ÐÅÏ¢Ó¦±»É¾³ý.Èç¹ûÄã¿´µÄÒ»Ð©Èº×éÓÐÐí¶àÐÂÎÅ±ê×¼Ê±¼ä 20 ÌìÍ¨³£ÊÇ¹ý¶à
Ì«³¤, Õë¶ÔÄãµÄÏµÍ³¶øÑÔ 4 Ìì»òÕßÒ»¸öÐÇÆÚ
ÊÇÔÚ¶àÊýÇé¿öÏÂÊÇÒ»¸öºÃÊ±¼ä.Õë¶ÔËùÓÐÈº×éÄã¿ÉÒÔ¸Ä±ä¼ÆËã½á¹û
("expire = n" È¥×¥×¡Õû¸öµÄÈº×é nÌì),µ«ÊÇÄã¸æËß
leafnode Õë¶ÔÒ»Ð©·Ö¿ªÈº×é¸Ä±äÊ±¼ä×«Ð´ÈçÏÂ\\ 
groupexpire foo.bar n\\ 
Õë¶ÔÈº×é foo.bar µ½ n ÌìÈ¥Éè¶¨ÆÚÂúÊ±¼ä.

Õâ¶ÀÁ¢Éè¶¨²»»áÊ¹ leafnode É¾³ýÒÔÇ°¾ÉµÄÐÅÏ¢,Ò»¸ö
·Ö¿ª³ÌÊ½»á¸ºÔðÕë¶ÔÕâ¸ö: texpire.ÕâÒ²ÐíÊÇ¿ªÊ¼
µ±×öÒ»¸ö cron µÄ¹¤×÷»òÕß¿¿ÃüÁîÁÐ.Èç¹ûÄãµÄµçÄÔÊÇÈ«Ììºò¿ª»úµÄ,
ÄãÒ²ÐíÒª¼ÓÏÂÁÐ¸÷ÐÐµ½ news' crontab µµ°¸ (±à¼­
Õâ,ÓÃ news µÄÉí·ÝµÇÈëºÍ¼üÈë "crontab -e"»òÕßÒÔ root Éí·Ý¼üÈë"crontab -u
news -e"):\\ 
0 19 * * * /usr/local/sbin/texpire\\ 
ÕâÐÐÔì³É cron daemon Ã¿Ò»ÌìÔÚ 19:00 ¿ªÊ¼ texpire 
.¼ì²é crontab ËµÃ÷Ò³ÓÐ¸ü¶àµÄµ÷ÕûÃèÊö.Èç¹û
ÄãµÄµçÄÔÊÇÃ»ÓÐ¹æÔòµØ¿ª»ú,ÄãÒ²ÐíÒªÃ¿Ò»´ÎÆô¶¯ texpire
,µ±Äã×¢Òâµ½ÕâÒÔÖÂÈ¡µÃ±äµÃ½ÏÂýµÄ.Ê¹ÓÃ "cron-method" ÔË×÷µÄºÜºÃ.




\section{ËüÊÇÈçºÎÔË×÷?}

Leafnode ÊÇÒ»¸ö "ÕæµÄ" NNTPËÅ·þÆ÷,ËüµÄÒâË¼ÊÇÄã¿ÉÒÔÒ²´ÓÒ»¸ö²»Í¬µÄµçÄÔÉÏµÇÈë
(¾­ÓÉÍòÎ¬Íø,¾Ö²¿ÍøÂçµÈµÈ
.Ã¿´ÎÄãÓÃÄãµÄ newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±)½øÈëÒ»¸öÈº×é,ÄãµÄ reader (¶ÁÈ¡Ô±)
ËÍ×ÊÁÏµ½ leafnode ºÍÇëÇóËü.Èç¹ûÈº×é
Ã»ÓÐ´æÔÚ, leafnode ½«»á´´ÔìÒ»¿Õµµ°¸
/var/spool/news/interesting.groups,Ãû×ÖÏñÊÇÈº×é.µ±ÏÂ´ÎÄãÔËÐÐ
fetch ,Õâ½«»áÈ¡µÃÈº×éµÄÐÅÏ¢.Èç¹ûÒ»¸ö
ÐÂÎÅÈº×éÃ»ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹Ì¶¨µÄÊ±¼ä±»°Ý·Ã, leafnode ½«»áÍ£Ö¹
È¥È¡µÃËüµÄÎÄÕÂºÍ´Ó /var/spool/news/interesting.groups ÖÐÉ¾³ýËüµÄÃû³Æ
.ËùÒÔÈç¹ûÄãÒâÍâµØÖ»¶©ÔÄÁËÒ»¸ö
¸ßÁ÷Á¿µÄÐÂÎÅÈº×é,ÄãÒ²ÐíÒª¿¿ÊÖ¶¯É¾³ýËüµÄµµ°¸
,ÏÂÒ»¸öÐÇÆÚÄã¾Í²»±ØÒªÏÂÔØËùÓÐµÄÑ¶Ï¢.

Ò»¸öÐÇÆÚÊÇÕë¶ÔÄãÊÇ²»¹»µÄ?ÄãÒªÈ¥¶È¼ÙÈýÐÇÆÚ
ºÍÈÔÈ»ÒªÈ¡µÃÐÂÎÅÂð?²»ÐÒµÄ,Ã»ÓÐÑ¡ÏîÔÚ leafnode Ö®ÖÐÀ´
¸Ä±äËü.µ«ÊÇÄã¿ÉÒÔ±à¼­µµ°¸ leafnode.h ºÍÖØÐÂ±àÒëËü.
\#defined Í¨³£ÊÇ TIMEOUT\_LONG ºÍ TIMEOUT\_SHORT,Ö»ÒªÉè¶¨
Ê±¼äÔÚÒÔÃë¼ÆËã.ÁíÍâµÄ,¼òµ¥µÄ½â¾öÊÇ¶¨ÒåÒ»¸ö cron-job
Ã¿Íí×ö "touch /var/spool/news/interesting.groups/*" Õâ¼þÊÂ.

Èç¹ûÄãÒªÈ¡µÃÒ»¸öÕû¸öµÄ¿ÉÓÃµÄÈº×éµÄÇåµ¥,¿´Ò»ÏÂµµ°¸
/usr/lib/leafnode/groupinfo,ÔÚÄÄÀïÄã½«»áÕÒµ½Ò»¸ö¼ò¶ÌµÄÃèÊöÈº×é.

Èç¹ûÄãÒª´ÓÄãµÄÐÂÎÅÉÏÓÎÖØÐÂ¶ÁÈ¡ÐÂÎÅÈº×éµÄÇåµ¥ (¾ÙÀý
µ±ÄãÒª¿´Ò»¸öÐÂµÄÈº×é),Ö»ÒªÉ¾³ýµµ°¸
/var/spool/news/active.read. Fetch ÏÂ´ÎÈ¡µÃÊ±½«»á´´ÔìËüºÍ
È¡µÃÐÂµÄÇåµ¥.Fetch Ò²½«»áÃ¿Ò»´ÎÖØÐÂ¶ÁÈ¡Èº×éÇåµ¥
,ËùÒÔÄã²»ÐèÒªÊÖ¶¯×öÕâ¼þÊÂ.




\section{ÎÒÓ¦¸ÃÊ¹ÓÃÊ²÷á newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±)?}

Ã»ÓÐÕë¶Ô Linux µÄ newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±),¾ÍÏñÊÇÃ»ÓÐ
±à¼­Æ÷.ÎÒ×î°®µÄ newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±)ÊÇ gnusÄ£Ê½ÏÂµÄ emacs ÔÚÕë¶Ô Linux ËüÓÐ
×î¶àµÄ¿ÉÉè¶¨µÄ reader (¶ÁÈ¡Ô±) .¶àÊýÈËÔÚÖÕ¶Ë»úÉÏÊÇÊ¹ÓÃ slrnºÍ
tin ,ÔÚ X Ö®ÏÂÐí¶àÈËÊ¹ÓÃ knews.Ò²ÓÐÊ¹ÓÃ trn,
nn ºÍ¸ü¶àÖÖ reader (¶ÁÈ¡Ô±),ËùÒÔÊÔÊÔÊ²÷áÊÇÄãÏ²°®µÄ.Î¨Ò»Äã²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃµÄÊÇ reader (¶ÁÈ¡Ô±)
Netscape ,ËüÊÇ´óµÄ, Ã»ÓÐÌØÉ«,²»ÎÈ¶¨µÄ,ºÍ
ÓÐÊ±Ëü½¨Á¢»µµôµÄ posting(ÕÅÌù).ÎÞÂÛÈçºÎ,ÕâÊÇÄãµÄ¸öÈËµÄ¾ö¶¨.



ÎÞÂÛÈçºÎ, knews ¶Ôì¶ÄãµÄµÚÒ»´Î¾­ÑéÊÇ²»´íµÄ¿¼ÂÇ,ËüÊÇ
Ê¹ÓÃÕßÓÑÉÆµÄºÍÈÝÒ×ÁË½â.




\section{ÔÚÄÄÀïÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÈ¡µÃ¸ü¶à×ÊÁÏ?}

Ò»Ð©ÎÄ¼þÊÇÓÉ LeafnodeÌ×¼þÌá¹© (¿´
ÎÄ¼þ INSTALL ºÍ README,Ô­Ê¼ÂëÊÇÒ²Ê®·ÖÓÐÈ¤µÄ).Èç¹û
ÄãÒªÖªµÀ¸ü¶à¹Øì¶ "Ö°ÒµµÄ"ºÍ "´óµÄ"ÐÂÎÅ·þÎñÆ÷,
¼ì²é INN FAQ (ËûÃÇÊÇÓÉ INN Ì×¼þÌá¹©µÄ).È¡µÃ
×ÊÁÏ¹Øì¶ÄãµÄ newsreader (ÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±),¼üÈë man "name of your newsreader" (ÄãµÄÐÂÎÅ¶ÁÈ¡Ô±µÄÃû³Æ)
»òÕß¼ì²é±ðµÄÎÄ¼þÔÚ /usr/doc.

Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÈÎºÎÎÊÌâ¹Øì¶ÐÂÎÅÏµÍ³,Ö»ÒªÔÚÒ»ÊÊµ±µÄÐÂÎÅÈº×é·¢ÎÊ
(¿´ news.software.ALL µÄ½×¼¶×éÖ¯).

Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÈÎºÎÑ¯ÎÊ,×¢½â»òÕß¶©Õý¹Øì¶Õâ
HOWTO,Ö»¹ÜÐ´ÐÅ¸øÎÒ (sutok@gmx.de).




\section{Ð»Ð»}

ÎÒÏëÐ»Ð» Michael Schulz (michaels@home.on-luebeck.de)
Õë¶ÔËûµÄ°ïÖú¹Øì¶Ò»Ð©ÓïÑÔÎÊÌâºÍ Cornelius Krasel
(krasel@wpxx02.toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de) Õë¶ÔËûµÄ "touch *"-¼¼ÇÉ.





\end{document}
