Dies ist die Info-Datei libc.info, hergestellt von Makeinfo Version
1.68 aus der Eingabe-Datei libc.texinfo.

INFO-DIR-SECTION GNU libraries
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* Libc: (libc).                 C library.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

   This file documents the GNU C library.

   This is Edition 0.07 DRAFT, last updated 4 Oct 1996, of `The GNU C
Library Reference Manual', for Version 2.00 Beta.

   Copyright (C) 1993, '94, '95, '96, '97 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
preserved on all copies.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also
that the section entitled "GNU Library General Public License" is
included exactly as in the original, and provided that the entire
resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
notice identical to this one.

   Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
versions, except that the text of the translation of the section
entitled "GNU Library General Public License" must be approved for
accuracy by the Foundation.


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libc.info-1: 1300
libc.info-2: 50185
libc.info-3: 97562
libc.info-4: 147398
libc.info-5: 195046
libc.info-6: 239422
libc.info-7: 286977
libc.info-8: 336341
libc.info-9: 381302
libc.info-10: 429978
libc.info-11: 479808
libc.info-12: 529190
libc.info-13: 577450
libc.info-14: 626342
libc.info-15: 670690
libc.info-16: 719592
libc.info-17: 769086
libc.info-18: 815181
libc.info-19: 859946
libc.info-20: 906470
libc.info-21: 955194
libc.info-22: 1003442
libc.info-23: 1050751
libc.info-24: 1099066
libc.info-25: 1147362
libc.info-26: 1196244
libc.info-27: 1244954
libc.info-28: 1292927
libc.info-29: 1314897
libc.info-30: 1421750
libc.info-31: 1466517
libc.info-32: 1493381
libc.info-33: 1543449
libc.info-34: 1581002

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1300
Node: Introduction40532
Node: Getting Started41880
Node: Standards and Portability43340
Node: ISO C44725
Node: POSIX46242
Node: Berkeley Unix47922
Node: SVID48690
Node: Using the Library49462
Node: Header Files50185
Node: Macro Definitions54137
Node: Reserved Names56487
Node: Feature Test Macros61170
Node: Roadmap to the Manual67054
Node: Error Reporting74267
Node: Checking for Errors75195
Node: Error Codes79410
Node: Error Messages97562
Node: Memory Allocation103259
Node: Memory Concepts104196
Node: Dynamic Allocation and C105466
Node: Unconstrained Allocation107550
Node: Basic Allocation108989
Node: Malloc Examples110693
Node: Freeing after Malloc112649
Node: Changing Block Size114465
Node: Allocating Cleared Space116992
Node: Efficiency and Malloc118000
Node: Aligned Memory Blocks119090
Node: Malloc Tunable Parameters120470
Node: Heap Consistency Checking122133
Node: Hooks for Malloc124930
Node: Statistics of Malloc127179
Node: Summary of Malloc129112
Node: Obstacks131061
Node: Creating Obstacks132679
Node: Preparing for Obstacks134578
Node: Allocation in an Obstack136918
Node: Freeing Obstack Objects139585
Node: Obstack Functions140921
Node: Growing Objects143151
Node: Extra Fast Growing147398
Node: Status of an Obstack151017
Node: Obstacks Data Alignment152436
Node: Obstack Chunks154122
Node: Summary of Obstacks156479
Node: Variable Size Automatic159893
Node: Alloca Example161449
Node: Advantages of Alloca162566
Node: Disadvantages of Alloca164458
Node: GNU C Variable-Size Arrays165203
Node: Relocating Allocator166361
Node: Relocator Concepts166899
Node: Using Relocator168412
Node: Character Handling169797
Node: Classification of Characters170746
Node: Case Conversion174407
Node: String and Array Utilities176255
Node: Representation of Strings178066
Node: String/Array Conventions181008
Node: String Length182840
Node: Copying and Concatenation183825
Node: String/Array Comparison195046
Node: Collation Functions200108
Node: Search Functions207070
Node: Finding Tokens in a String211341
Node: I/O Overview217483
Node: I/O Concepts218996
Node: Streams and File Descriptors220141
Node: File Position223232
Node: File Names225366
Node: Directories226252
Node: File Name Resolution227989
Node: File Name Errors230918
Node: File Name Portability232467
Node: I/O on Streams234459
Node: Streams236415
Node: Standard Streams237756
Node: Opening Streams239422
Node: Closing Streams245279
Node: Simple Output247823
Node: Character Input250159
Node: Line Input253268
Node: Unreading258256
Node: Unreading Idea259065
Node: How Unread259891
Node: Block Input/Output262374
Node: Formatted Output264603
Node: Formatted Output Basics266370
Node: Output Conversion Syntax268863
Node: Table of Output Conversions272589
Node: Integer Conversions275123
Node: Floating-Point Conversions279787
Node: Other Output Conversions283817
Node: Formatted Output Functions286977
Node: Dynamic Output290658
Node: Variable Arguments Output292295
Node: Parsing a Template String297807
Node: Example of Parsing301634
Node: Customizing Printf303922
Node: Registering New Conversions305771
Node: Conversion Specifier Options307762
Node: Defining the Output Handler311435
Node: Printf Extension Example313901
Node: Formatted Input316209
Node: Formatted Input Basics317288
Node: Input Conversion Syntax319968
Node: Table of Input Conversions323331
Node: Numeric Input Conversions325628
Node: String Input Conversions329406
Node: Dynamic String Input333499
Node: Other Input Conversions334689
Node: Formatted Input Functions336341
Node: Variable Arguments Input337907
Node: EOF and Errors339542
Node: Binary Streams341762
Node: File Positioning344286
Node: Portable Positioning348119
Node: Stream Buffering351590
Node: Buffering Concepts353175
Node: Flushing Buffers354538
Node: Controlling Buffering356034
Node: Other Kinds of Streams360469
Node: String Streams361731
Node: Obstack Streams365851
Node: Custom Streams367885
Node: Streams and Cookies368538
Node: Hook Functions371585
Node: Low-Level I/O373971
Node: Opening and Closing Files376623
Node: I/O Primitives381302
Node: File Position Primitive389556
Node: Descriptors and Streams394991
Node: Stream/Descriptor Precautions397411
Node: Linked Channels398618
Node: Independent Channels399846
Node: Cleaning Streams401749
Node: Waiting for I/O403952
Node: Control Operations411703
Node: Duplicating Descriptors413987
Node: Descriptor Flags418249
Node: File Status Flags421655
Node: Access Modes423109
Node: Open-time Flags425398
Node: Operating Modes429978
Node: Getting File Status Flags432744
Node: File Locks435355
Node: Interrupt Input444258
Node: File System Interface446677
Node: Working Directory448077
Node: Accessing Directories451831
Node: Directory Entries453240
Node: Opening a Directory456040
Node: Reading/Closing Directory457732
Node: Simple Directory Lister460796
Node: Random Access Directory461814
Node: Scanning Directory Content463316
Node: Simple Directory Lister Mark II465571
Node: Hard Links466692
Node: Symbolic Links469485
Node: Deleting Files473251
Node: Renaming Files476181
Node: Creating Directories479808
Node: File Attributes481556
Node: Attribute Meanings483052
Node: Reading Attributes488136
Node: Testing File Type490038
Node: File Owner493254
Node: Permission Bits496947
Node: Access Permission502054
Node: Setting Permissions503204
Node: Testing File Access508419
Node: File Times512062
Node: Making Special Files516570
Node: Temporary Files518247
Node: Pipes and FIFOs524454
Node: Creating a Pipe526037
Node: Pipe to a Subprocess529190
Node: FIFO Special Files532030
Node: Pipe Atomicity533603
Node: Sockets534487
Node: Socket Concepts536362
Node: Communication Styles540640
Node: Socket Addresses542492
Node: Address Formats544533
Node: Setting Address547360
Node: Reading Address549077
Node: File Namespace550838
Node: File Namespace Concepts551328
Node: File Namespace Details552923
Node: File Socket Example554537
Node: Internet Namespace555861
Node: Internet Address Formats557589
Node: Host Addresses559735
Node: Abstract Host Addresses560922
Node: Host Address Data Type563715
Node: Host Address Functions566334
Node: Host Names569955
Node: Ports575412
Node: Services Database577450
Node: Byte Order580277
Node: Protocols Database582565
Node: Inet Example586106
Node: Misc Namespaces588136
Node: Open/Close Sockets588886
Node: Creating a Socket589384
Node: Closing a Socket591052
Node: Socket Pairs592582
Node: Connections594592
Node: Connecting595686
Node: Listening598245
Node: Accepting Connections600330
Node: Who is Connected603189
Node: Transferring Data604285
Node: Sending Data605395
Node: Receiving Data607643
Node: Socket Data Options609107
Node: Byte Stream Example609970
Node: Server Example611948
Node: Out-of-Band Data615995
Node: Datagrams621849
Node: Sending Datagrams622878
Node: Receiving Datagrams624538
Node: Datagram Example626342
Node: Example Receiver628260
Node: Inetd630827
Node: Inetd Servers631635
Node: Configuring Inetd632878
Node: Socket Options635552
Node: Socket Option Functions636260
Node: Socket-Level Options637824
Node: Networks Database641458
Node: Low-Level Terminal Interface644320
Node: Is It a Terminal645655
Node: I/O Queues646871
Node: Canonical or Not648841
Node: Terminal Modes650688
Node: Mode Data Types651964
Node: Mode Functions653792
Node: Setting Modes657732
Node: Input Modes659720
Node: Output Modes664987
Node: Control Modes666600
Node: Local Modes670690
Node: Line Speed677004
Node: Special Characters681164
Node: Editing Characters683076
Node: Signal Characters687417
Node: Start/Stop Characters690286
Node: Other Special692157
Node: Noncanonical Input693971
Node: Line Control698784
Node: Noncanon Example703096
Node: Mathematics705291
Node: Domain and Range Errors706495
Node: Trig Functions709718
Node: Inverse Trig Functions711088
Node: Exponents and Logarithms713526
Node: Hyperbolic Functions716427
Node: Pseudo-Random Numbers718006
Node: ISO Random719592
Node: BSD Random720765
Node: Arithmetic722682
Node: Not a Number723591
Node: Predicates on Floats724933
Node: Absolute Value726507
Node: Normalization Functions728005
Node: Rounding and Remainders730847
Node: Integer Division734215
Node: Parsing of Numbers736365
Node: Parsing of Integers737017
Node: Parsing of Floats744323
Node: Searching and Sorting748787
Node: Comparison Functions749578
Node: Array Search Function750692
Node: Array Sort Function752115
Node: Search/Sort Example754087
Node: Pattern Matching757537
Node: Wildcard Matching758339
Node: Globbing761217
Node: Calling Glob762007
Node: Flags for Globbing765588
Node: Regular Expressions769086
Node: POSIX Regexp Compilation770070
Node: Flags for POSIX Regexps774185
Node: Matching POSIX Regexps775092
Node: Regexp Subexpressions777253
Node: Subexpression Complications779307
Node: Regexp Cleanup781666
Node: Word Expansion783992
Node: Expansion Stages785160
Node: Calling Wordexp786653
Node: Flags for Wordexp790616
Node: Wordexp Example792569
Node: Date and Time794544
Node: Processor Time795668
Node: Basic CPU Time796426
Node: Detailed CPU Time798445
Node: Calendar Time800910
Node: Simple Calendar Time802488
Node: High-Resolution Calendar804245
Node: Broken-down Time809965
Node: Formatting Date and Time815181
Node: TZ Variable826463
Node: Time Zone Functions832524
Node: Time Functions Example835193
Node: Setting an Alarm836308
Node: Sleeping841535
Node: Resource Usage844191
Node: Limits on Resources847702
Node: Priority852090
Node: Extended Characters855351
Node: Extended Char Intro856959
Node: Locales and Extended Chars858896
Node: Multibyte Char Intro859946
Node: Wide Char Intro867240
Node: Wide String Conversion869007
Node: Length of Char872245
Node: Converting One Char873956
Node: Example of Conversion877353
Node: Shift State880243
Node: Locales882896
Node: Effects of Locale884464
Node: Choosing Locale886400
Node: Locale Categories887724
Node: Setting the Locale889371
Node: Standard Locales893265
Node: Numeric Formatting894505
Node: General Numeric896015
Node: Currency Symbol898937
Node: Sign of Money Amount903547
Node: Non-Local Exits905851
Node: Non-Local Intro906470
Node: Non-Local Details910197
Node: Non-Local Exits and Signals913273
Node: Signal Handling914743
Node: Concepts of Signals916778
Node: Kinds of Signals917342
Node: Signal Generation918739
Node: Delivery of Signal921006
Node: Standard Signals923863
Node: Program Error Signals925456
Node: Termination Signals932914
Node: Alarm Signals936752
Node: Asynchronous I/O Signals937992
Node: Job Control Signals939183
Node: Operation Error Signals943795
Node: Miscellaneous Signals945734
Node: Signal Messages947430
Node: Signal Actions949316
Node: Basic Signal Handling950261
Node: Advanced Signal Handling955194
Node: Signal and Sigaction958150
Node: Sigaction Function Example959902
Node: Flags for Sigaction962218
Node: Initial Signal Actions964596
Node: Defining Handlers965979
Node: Handler Returns968164
Node: Termination in Handler970214
Node: Longjmp in Handler971630
Node: Signals in Handler973725
Node: Merged Signals975845
Node: Nonreentrancy981555
Node: Atomic Data Access987103
Node: Non-atomic Example988139
Node: Atomic Types989910
Node: Atomic Usage990918
Node: Interrupted Primitives992388
Node: Generating Signals995688
Node: Signaling Yourself996281
Node: Signaling Another Process998263
Node: Permission for kill1001646
Node: Kill Example1003442
Node: Blocking Signals1005786
Node: Why Block1007558
Node: Signal Sets1009095
Node: Process Signal Mask1012121
Node: Testing for Delivery1015129
Node: Blocking for Handler1016379
Node: Checking for Pending Signals1018798
Node: Remembering a Signal1020810
Node: Waiting for a Signal1024359
Node: Using Pause1024904
Node: Pause Problems1026124
Node: Sigsuspend1027848
Node: Signal Stack1030558
Node: BSD Signal Handling1035903
Node: BSD Handler1037177
Node: Blocking in BSD1039611
Node: Process Startup1041065
Node: Program Arguments1042100
Node: Argument Syntax1044829
Node: Parsing Options1047459
Node: Example of Getopt1050751
Node: Long Options1053467
Node: Long Option Example1057528
Node: Suboptions1060377
Node: Suboptions Example1062326
Node: Environment Variables1064421
Node: Environment Access1066282
Node: Standard Environment1068324
Node: Program Termination1072007
Node: Normal Termination1073226
Node: Exit Status1074452
Node: Cleanups on Exit1077473
Node: Aborting a Program1079290
Node: Termination Internals1080189
Node: Processes1081965
Node: Running a Command1083988
Node: Process Creation Concepts1085481
Node: Process Identification1087491
Node: Creating a Process1088415
Node: Executing a File1092031
Node: Process Completion1099066
Node: Process Completion Status1104075
Node: BSD Wait Functions1105719
Node: Process Creation Example1107611
Node: Job Control1109861
Node: Concepts of Job Control1111141
Node: Job Control is Optional1114498
Node: Controlling Terminal1115548
Node: Access to the Terminal1116455
Node: Orphaned Process Groups1118059
Node: Implementing a Shell1119051
Node: Data Structures1119934
Node: Initializing the Shell1122577
Node: Launching Jobs1126313
Node: Foreground and Background1133766
Node: Stopped and Terminated Jobs1136875
Node: Continuing Stopped Jobs1142057
Node: Missing Pieces1143684
Node: Functions for Job Control1145308
Node: Identifying the Terminal1145788
Node: Process Group Functions1147362
Node: Terminal Access Functions1150914
Node: Name Service Switch1153815
Node: NSS Basics1155146
Node: NSS Configuration File1156742
Node: Services in the NSS configuration1158440
Node: Actions in the NSS configuration1159721
Node: Notes on NSS Configuration File1162880
Node: NSS Module Internals1164757
Node: NSS Module Names1165453
Node: NSS Modules Interface1167829
Node: Extending NSS1171358
Node: Adding another Service to NSS1172289
Node: NSS Module Function Internals1174508
Node: Users and Groups1178911
Node: User and Group IDs1181387
Node: Process Persona1182294
Node: Why Change Persona1183805
Node: How Change Persona1185686
Node: Reading Persona1187168
Node: Setting User ID1189438
Node: Setting Groups1191648
Node: Enable/Disable Setuid1194205
Node: Setuid Program Example1196244
Node: Tips for Setuid1199713
Node: Who Logged In1201801
Node: User Database1203969
Node: User Data Structure1204630
Node: Lookup User1205909
Node: Scanning All Users1208999
Node: Writing a User Entry1212378
Node: Group Database1213277
Node: Group Data Structure1213864
Node: Lookup Group1214650
Node: Scanning All Groups1217706
Node: Netgroup Database1220987
Node: Netgroup Data1221421
Node: Lookup Netgroup1222985
Node: Netgroup Membership1226397
Node: Database Example1227727
Node: System Information1229901
Node: Host Identification1230498
Node: Hardware/Software Type ID1233717
Node: System Configuration1236416
Node: General Limits1237983
Node: System Options1241622
Node: Version Supported1244954
Node: Sysconf1246791
Node: Sysconf Definition1247427
Node: Constants for Sysconf1248099
Node: Examples of Sysconf1251232
Node: Minimums1252225
Node: Limits for Files1254301
Node: Options for Files1257303
Node: File Minimums1259592
Node: Pathconf1261254
Node: Utility Limits1263941
Node: Utility Minimums1265999
Node: String Parameters1267751
Node: Language Features1269805
Node: Consistency Checking1270736
Node: Variadic Functions1275374
Node: Why Variadic1276446
Node: How Variadic1278411
Node: Variadic Prototypes1279700
Node: Receiving Arguments1280858
Node: How Many Arguments1283572
Node: Calling Variadics1285243
Node: Argument Macros1287380
Node: Variadic Example1289020
Node: Old Varargs1290172
Node: Null Pointer Constant1291842
Node: Important Data Types1292927
Node: Data Type Measurements1295493
Node: Width of Type1296350
Node: Range of Type1297256
Node: Floating Type Macros1300520
Node: Floating Point Concepts1301780
Node: Floating Point Parameters1305515
Node: IEEE Floating Point1312449
Node: Structure Measurement1314202
Node: Library Summary1314897
Node: Maintenance1421750
Node: Installation1422495
Node: Tools for Installation1429722
Node: Supported Configurations1431433
Node: Tips for Installation1433417
Node: Reporting Bugs1434467
Node: Source Layout1436710
Node: Porting1440666
Node: Hierarchy Conventions1448454
Node: Porting to Unix1453374
Node: Contributors1455219
Node: Copying1466517
Node: Concept Index1493381
Node: Type Index1543449
Node: Function Index1548372
Node: Variable Index1581002
Node: File Index1612610

End Tag Table
