/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
 * in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
 * is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.util.concurrent;

import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
import static com.google.common.util.concurrent.Uninterruptibles.getUninterruptibly;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtIncompatible;
import com.google.common.annotations.J2ktIncompatible;
import com.google.common.collect.ObjectArrays;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * A TimeLimiter that runs method calls in the background using an {@link ExecutorService}. If the
 * time limit expires for a given method call, the thread running the call will be interrupted.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @author Jens Nyman
 * @since 1.0
 */
@J2ktIncompatible
@GwtIncompatible
// TODO: b/227335009 - Maybe change interruption behavior, but it requires thought.
@SuppressWarnings("Interruption")
public final class SimpleTimeLimiter implements TimeLimiter {

  private final ExecutorService executor;

  private SimpleTimeLimiter(ExecutorService executor) {
    this.executor = checkNotNull(executor);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a TimeLimiter instance using the given executor service to execute method calls.
   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> using a bounded executor may be counterproductive! If the thread pool fills
   * up, any time callers spend waiting for a thread may count toward their time limit, and in this
   * case the call may even time out before the target method is ever invoked.
   *
   * @param executor the ExecutorService that will execute the method calls on the target objects;
   *     for example, a {@link Executors#newCachedThreadPool()}.
   * @since 22.0
   */
  public static SimpleTimeLimiter create(ExecutorService executor) {
    return new SimpleTimeLimiter(executor);
  }

  @Override
  public <T> T newProxy(
      T target, Class<T> interfaceType, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit) {
    checkNotNull(target);
    checkNotNull(interfaceType);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);
    checkArgument(interfaceType.isInterface(), "interfaceType must be an interface type");

    Set<Method> interruptibleMethods = findInterruptibleMethods(interfaceType);

    InvocationHandler handler =
        (obj, method, args) -> {
          Callable<@Nullable Object> callable =
              () -> {
                try {
                  return method.invoke(target, args);
                } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                  throw throwCause(e, /* combineStackTraces= */ false);
                }
              };
          return callWithTimeout(
              callable, timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit, interruptibleMethods.contains(method));
        };
    return newProxy(interfaceType, handler);
  }

  // TODO: replace with version in common.reflect if and when it's open-sourced
  private static <T> T newProxy(Class<T> interfaceType, InvocationHandler handler) {
    Object object =
        Proxy.newProxyInstance(
            interfaceType.getClassLoader(), new Class<?>[] {interfaceType}, handler);
    return interfaceType.cast(object);
  }

  @ParametricNullness
  private <T extends @Nullable Object> T callWithTimeout(
      Callable<T> callable, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit, boolean amInterruptible)
      throws Exception {
    checkNotNull(callable);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);

    Future<T> future = executor.submit(callable);

    try {
      return amInterruptible
          ? future.get(timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit)
          : getUninterruptibly(future, timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      future.cancel(true);
      throw e;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      throw throwCause(e, true /* combineStackTraces */);
    } catch (TimeoutException e) {
      future.cancel(true);
      throw new UncheckedTimeoutException(e);
    }
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  @ParametricNullness
  public <T extends @Nullable Object> T callWithTimeout(
      Callable<T> callable, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit)
      throws TimeoutException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
    checkNotNull(callable);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);

    Future<T> future = executor.submit(callable);

    try {
      return future.get(timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit);
    } catch (InterruptedException | TimeoutException e) {
      future.cancel(true /* mayInterruptIfRunning */);
      throw e;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      wrapAndThrowExecutionExceptionOrError(e.getCause());
      throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  @ParametricNullness
  public <T extends @Nullable Object> T callUninterruptiblyWithTimeout(
      Callable<T> callable, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit)
      throws TimeoutException, ExecutionException {
    checkNotNull(callable);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);

    Future<T> future = executor.submit(callable);

    try {
      return getUninterruptibly(future, timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit);
    } catch (TimeoutException e) {
      future.cancel(true /* mayInterruptIfRunning */);
      throw e;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      wrapAndThrowExecutionExceptionOrError(e.getCause());
      throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void runWithTimeout(Runnable runnable, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit)
      throws TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
    checkNotNull(runnable);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);

    Future<?> future = executor.submit(runnable);

    try {
      future.get(timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit);
    } catch (InterruptedException | TimeoutException e) {
      future.cancel(true /* mayInterruptIfRunning */);
      throw e;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      wrapAndThrowRuntimeExecutionExceptionOrError(e.getCause());
      throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  @Override
  public void runUninterruptiblyWithTimeout(
      Runnable runnable, long timeoutDuration, TimeUnit timeoutUnit) throws TimeoutException {
    checkNotNull(runnable);
    checkNotNull(timeoutUnit);
    checkPositiveTimeout(timeoutDuration);

    Future<?> future = executor.submit(runnable);

    try {
      getUninterruptibly(future, timeoutDuration, timeoutUnit);
    } catch (TimeoutException e) {
      future.cancel(true /* mayInterruptIfRunning */);
      throw e;
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      wrapAndThrowRuntimeExecutionExceptionOrError(e.getCause());
      throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  private static Exception throwCause(Exception e, boolean combineStackTraces) throws Exception {
    Throwable cause = e.getCause();
    if (cause == null) {
      throw e;
    }
    if (combineStackTraces) {
      StackTraceElement[] combined =
          ObjectArrays.concat(cause.getStackTrace(), e.getStackTrace(), StackTraceElement.class);
      cause.setStackTrace(combined);
    }
    if (cause instanceof Exception) {
      throw (Exception) cause;
    }
    if (cause instanceof Error) {
      throw (Error) cause;
    }
    // The cause is a weird kind of Throwable, so throw the outer exception.
    throw e;
  }

  private static Set<Method> findInterruptibleMethods(Class<?> interfaceType) {
    Set<Method> set = new HashSet<>();
    for (Method m : interfaceType.getMethods()) {
      if (declaresInterruptedEx(m)) {
        set.add(m);
      }
    }
    return set;
  }

  private static boolean declaresInterruptedEx(Method method) {
    for (Class<?> exType : method.getExceptionTypes()) {
      // debate: == or isAssignableFrom?
      if (exType == InterruptedException.class) {
        return true;
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  private static void wrapAndThrowExecutionExceptionOrError(Throwable cause)
      throws ExecutionException {
    if (cause instanceof Error) {
      throw new ExecutionError((Error) cause);
    } else if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) {
      throw new UncheckedExecutionException(cause);
    } else {
      throw new ExecutionException(cause);
    }
  }

  private static void wrapAndThrowRuntimeExecutionExceptionOrError(Throwable cause) {
    if (cause instanceof Error) {
      throw new ExecutionError((Error) cause);
    } else {
      throw new UncheckedExecutionException(cause);
    }
  }

  private static void checkPositiveTimeout(long timeoutDuration) {
    checkArgument(timeoutDuration > 0, "timeout must be positive: %s", timeoutDuration);
  }
}
